Since the first publication of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses (ASPAN) Standards of Perianesthesia Nursing Practice in 1984, this publication has provided a framework for the expanding scope of care for a diverse patient population across all perianesthesia settings inclusive of all ages and all phases of care. The Standards are reviewed and updated on an ongoing basis by a team of clinical practice experts and are republished biennially. Each revised edition incorporates current evidence-based practice, emerging regulatory requirements, and reflects changing technology and nursing practice.